Stacks

Stacks are flexbox shortcuts: vstack lines items up vertically, hstack horizontally, and the gap utilities space them evenly. Push an item to the far side with ms-auto and separate groups with a vertical rule.

1Horizontal toolbar

hstack with gap-2 lines up buttons; ms-auto pushes the last group to the far end.

<div class="hstack gap-2 p-2 border rounded-md bg-surface-3">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary"><i class="bi bi-plus-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i> New</button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary"><i class="bi bi-upload" aria-hidden="true"></i> Import</button>
  <div class="vr">
  </div>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light" aria-label="Filter"><i class="bi bi-funnel" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light ms-auto" aria-label="Settings"><i class="bi bi-gear" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
</div>

2Vertical sign-in form

vstack with gap-3 spaces the fields of a compact form without margin utilities.

<form class="vstack gap-4" style="max-width:22rem">
  <div>
    <label class="form-label" for="hp-email-1236">Email</label>
    <input class="form-control" id="hp-email-1236" type="email" autocomplete="email">
  </div>
  <div>
    <label class="form-label" for="hp-pass-1237">Password</label>
    <input class="form-control" id="hp-pass-1237" type="password" autocomplete="current-password">
  </div>
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
  <a class="small text-center" href="#">Forgot your password?</a> 
</form>

3Profile row

An avatar, a name and role block and a follow button in one hstack.

Kai Larsen Frontend Engineer · Singapore

<div class="hstack gap-4 p-4 border rounded-md">
  <img src="../assets/img/avatar-12.svg" alt="Kai Larsen" width="48" height="48" class="rounded-full"> 
  <div class="vstack gap-0">
    <strong>Kai Larsen</strong> <small class="text-muted">Frontend Engineer &middot; Singapore</small> 
  </div>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary ms-auto">Follow</button>
</div>

4Notification list

A vstack of notification items, each an hstack of icon, message and time.

The new tax receipts keeps projects moving forward in just a few clicks.

4 days ago

This secure process keeps projects moving forward on any device.

22 hours ago

Our disaster response keeps the whole team on the same page at a fair price.

53 min ago

<div class="vstack gap-2">
  <div class="hstack gap-4 items-start p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-success text-lg"><i class="bi bi-bag-check" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="small">
      The new tax receipts keeps projects moving forward in just a few clicks.
    </div>
    <small class="ms-auto whitespace-nowrap text-muted">4 days ago</small>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 items-start p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-primary text-lg"><i class="bi bi-chat-left-text" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="small">
      This secure process keeps projects moving forward on any device.
    </div>
    <small class="ms-auto whitespace-nowrap text-muted">22 hours ago</small>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 items-start p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-warning text-lg"><i class="bi bi-exclamation-triangle" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="small">
      Our disaster response keeps the whole team on the same page at a fair price.
    </div>
    <small class="ms-auto whitespace-nowrap text-muted">53 min ago</small>
  </div>
</div>

5Centred button stack

vstack with col-md-5 mx-auto centres full-width buttons, as on a mobile landing screen.

Free for 7 days, no card needed

<div class="vstack gap-2 col-md-5 mx-auto">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Create an account</button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">I already have one</button>
  <small class="text-center text-muted">Free for 7 days, no card needed</small> 
</div>

6Stacked feature cards

Cards stacked with vstack gap-3; inside each card an hstack pairs the icon with its text.

Impact tracking

Our animal rescue gives results you can measure on any device.

Volunteer network

Our disaster response gives complex tasks into simple steps on any device.

Tax receipts

Our clean water helps complex tasks into simple steps on any device.

<div class="vstack gap-4">
  <div class="card">
    <div class="card-body hstack gap-4">
      <span class="text-2xl text-primary"><i class="bi bi-shield-check" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
      <div>
        <h3 class="h6 mb-1">Impact tracking</h3>
        <p class="small mb-0">Our animal rescue gives results you can measure on any device.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="card">
    <div class="card-body hstack gap-4">
      <span class="text-2xl text-primary"><i class="bi bi-lightning" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
      <div>
        <h3 class="h6 mb-1">Volunteer network</h3>
        <p class="small mb-0">Our disaster response gives complex tasks into simple steps on any device.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="card">
    <div class="card-body hstack gap-4">
      <span class="text-2xl text-primary"><i class="bi bi-people" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
      <div>
        <h3 class="h6 mb-1">Tax receipts</h3>
        <p class="small mb-0">Our clean water helps complex tasks into simple steps on any device.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

7Inline subscribe form

An hstack holding an input, a button and a divider link, a common newsletter pattern.

<form class="hstack gap-2">
  <label class="sr-only" for="hp-q-1238">Email address</label>
  <input class="form-control me-auto" id="hp-q-1238" type="email" placeholder="you@example.com"> 
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-secondary">Subscribe</button>
  <div class="vr">
  </div>
  <button type="reset" class="btn btn-outline-danger">Reset</button>
</form>

8Pricing feature list

A vstack of check-mark rows inside a pricing card.

Business

$63.34 / month

Volunteer network

Impact tracking

Tax receipts

Secure giving

Local partners

<div class="card" style="max-width:22rem">
  <div class="card-body vstack gap-2">
    <h3 class="h5 mb-0">Business</h3>
    <p class="text-2xl font-bold mb-1">$63.34<small class="text-base font-normal text-muted"> / month</small></p>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Volunteer network
    </div>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Impact tracking
    </div>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Tax receipts
    </div>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Secure giving
    </div>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Local partners
    </div>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary mt-2">Choose plan</button>
  </div>
</div>

9Footer link row

hstack with flex-wrap and gap-3 for a row of footer links that wraps on narrow screens.

<footer class="hstack flex-wrap gap-4 small border-t pt-4">
  <span class="font-semibold">Brand name 11</span> <a href="#">About</a><a href="#">Careers</a><a href="#">Press</a><a href="#">Help centre</a> <span class="ms-auto text-muted">&copy; 2026</span> 
</footer>

10Chat bubbles

A vstack where align-self-start and align-self-end place incoming and outgoing messages.

A bright idea turns data easy to understand without extra tools.

Our education fund lets results you can measure for teams of every size.

A simple process lets time back in your day at a fair price.

Our food relief helps results you can measure in just a few clicks.

<div class="vstack gap-2">
  <div class="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg small bg-surface-3 self-start" style="max-width:80%">
    A bright idea turns data easy to understand without extra tools.
  </div>
  <div class="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg small text-bg-primary self-end" style="max-width:80%">
    Our education fund lets results you can measure for teams of every size.
  </div>
  <div class="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg small bg-surface-3 self-start" style="max-width:80%">
    A simple process lets time back in your day at a fair price.
  </div>
  <div class="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg small text-bg-primary self-end" style="max-width:80%">
    Our food relief helps results you can measure in just a few clicks.
  </div>
</div>

11Wrapping tag row

hstack plus flex-wrap and gap-1 keeps tags tidy when they run onto a second line.

AnimalsEducationEnvironmentReliefHealth

<div class="hstack flex-wrap gap-1">
  <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Animals</span><span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Education</span><span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Environment</span><span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Relief</span><span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Health</span>
</div>

12Settings rows

Each setting is an hstack with the label on the left and a switch pushed right with ms-auto.

Email notifications

Dark mode

<div class="vstack border rounded-md">
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-4 border-b">
    <span class="text-lg text-primary"><i class="bi bi-envelope" aria-hidden="true"></i></span> 
    <label class="form-check-label" for="hp-switch-1239">Email notifications</label>
    <div class="form-check form-switch ms-auto mb-0">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" role="switch" id="hp-switch-1239" checked>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-4">
    <span class="text-lg text-primary"><i class="bi bi-moon-stars" aria-hidden="true"></i></span> 
    <label class="form-check-label" for="hp-switch-1240">Dark mode</label>
    <div class="form-check form-switch ms-auto mb-0">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" role="switch" id="hp-switch-1240">
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

13Stats with dividers

An hstack of figures separated by vertical rules.

3.5k

Clients

311

Projects

4.6

Rating

<div class="hstack gap-4 md:gap-6 p-4 border rounded-md justify-center text-center">
  <div>
    <div class="text-xl font-bold">
      3.5k
    </div>
    <small class="text-muted">Clients</small>
  </div>
  <div class="vr">
  </div>
  <div>
    <div class="text-xl font-bold">
      311
    </div>
    <small class="text-muted">Projects</small>
  </div>
  <div class="vr">
  </div>
  <div>
    <div class="text-xl font-bold">
      4.6
    </div>
    <small class="text-muted">Rating</small>
  </div>
</div>

14Card meta line

An hstack in a card footer for author, date and a like counter.

Workflow notes for donors

Our disaster response keeps new ideas to life at a fair price.

Samir Delgado·Jan 19, 2026 214

<div class="card" style="max-width:24rem">
  <div class="card-body">
    <h3 class="h6">Workflow notes for donors</h3>
    <p class="small mb-0">Our disaster response keeps new ideas to life at a fair price.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="card-footer hstack gap-2 small text-muted">
    <img src="../assets/img/avatar-3.svg" alt="" width="24" height="24" class="rounded-full"> <span>Samir Delgado</span><span>&middot;</span><span>Jan 19, 2026</span> <span class="ms-auto"><i class="bi bi-heart" aria-hidden="true"></i> 214</span> 
  </div>
</div>

15Order timeline

A vstack of steps, each an hstack of status badge and text.

Order placedNov 4, 2025

PackedNov 11, 2025

ShippedMay 12, 2026

DeliveredExpected Nov 15, 2026

<div class="vstack gap-4">
  <div class="hstack gap-4">
    <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-success"><i class="bi bi-check-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <strong class="small">Order placed</strong><small class="text-muted">Nov 4, 2025</small>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4">
    <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-success"><i class="bi bi-check-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <strong class="small">Packed</strong><small class="text-muted">Nov 11, 2025</small>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4">
    <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-success"><i class="bi bi-check-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <strong class="small">Shipped</strong><small class="text-muted">May 12, 2026</small>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4">
    <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-secondary"><i class="bi bi-clock" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <strong class="small">Delivered</strong><small class="text-muted">Expected Nov 15, 2026</small>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

16Search bar

An hstack combining a search field, a filter select and a button.

<form class="hstack gap-2 flex-wrap sm:flex-nowrap" role="search">
  <label class="sr-only" for="hp-search-1241">Search</label>
  <input class="form-control" id="hp-search-1241" type="search" placeholder="Search animals"> 
  <label class="sr-only" for="hp-search-1241-type">Type</label>
  <select class="form-select w-auto" id="hp-search-1241-type">
    <option>All</option>
    <option>Recent</option>
  </select>
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary"><i class="bi bi-search" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
</form>

17File rows

Attachment rows with icon, name and size, and a download button aligned right.

report-2026.pdf369 KB

proposal-2026.docx444 KB

budget-2025.xlsx521 KB

<div class="vstack gap-2">
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-xl text-danger"><i class="bi bi-filetype-pdf" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <span class="small font-semibold">report-2026.pdf</span><small class="text-muted">369 KB</small>
    </div>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light ms-auto" aria-label="Download report"><i class="bi bi-download" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-xl text-primary"><i class="bi bi-filetype-docx" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <span class="small font-semibold">proposal-2026.docx</span><small class="text-muted">444 KB</small>
    </div>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light ms-auto" aria-label="Download proposal"><i class="bi bi-download" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-xl text-success"><i class="bi bi-filetype-xlsx" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <span class="small font-semibold">budget-2025.xlsx</span><small class="text-muted">521 KB</small>
    </div>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light ms-auto" aria-label="Download budget"><i class="bi bi-download" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
  </div>
</div>

18Nested stacks

A vstack page section whose header is an hstack: stacks nest freely.

Food relief

11 View all

The new tax receipts shows projects moving forward all year round.

<section class="vstack gap-4 p-4 border rounded-md">
  <div class="hstack gap-2">
    <h3 class="h5 mb-0">Food relief</h3>
    <span class="badge text-bg-primary">11</span> <a class="ms-auto small" href="#">View all</a> 
  </div>
  <p class="mb-0 small">The new tax receipts shows projects moving forward all year round.</p>
  <div class="hstack gap-2">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary">Open</button>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light">Share</button>
  </div>
</section>

19Gap sizes compared

The same hstack with gap-0, gap-2 and gap-4 to compare spacing.

gap-0

Item

gap-2

Item

gap-4

Item

<div class="vstack gap-4">
  <div>
    <small class="text-muted">gap-0</small>
    <div class="hstack gap-0">
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div>
    <small class="text-muted">gap-2</small>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div>
    <small class="text-muted">gap-4</small>
    <div class="hstack gap-6">
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

20Responsive stack direction

Stacks are vertical on phones and switch to a row from md with flex-md-row.

PlanThe new transparent reports connects data easy to understand from the very first day.

BuildOur animal rescue connects time back in your day all year round.

LaunchOur animal rescue gives time back in your day with friendly support.

<div class="vstack md:flex-row gap-4">
  <div class="p-4 border rounded-md flex-auto">
    <strong class="block"><i class="bi bi-pencil" aria-hidden="true"></i> Plan</strong><small>The new transparent reports connects data easy to understand from the very first day.</small>
  </div>
  <div class="p-4 border rounded-md flex-auto">
    <strong class="block"><i class="bi bi-hammer" aria-hidden="true"></i> Build</strong><small>Our animal rescue connects time back in your day all year round.</small>
  </div>
  <div class="p-4 border rounded-md flex-auto">
    <strong class="block"><i class="bi bi-rocket-takeoff" aria-hidden="true"></i> Launch</strong><small>Our animal rescue gives time back in your day with friendly support.</small>
  </div>
</div>