Stacks

Stacks are flexbox shortcuts: vstack lines items up vertically, hstack horizontally, and the gap utilities space them evenly. Push an item to the far side with ms-auto and separate groups with a vertical rule.

1Horizontal toolbar

hstack with gap-2 lines up buttons; ms-auto pushes the last group to the far end.

<div class="hstack gap-2 p-2 border rounded-md bg-surface-3">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary"><i class="bi bi-plus-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i> New</button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary"><i class="bi bi-upload" aria-hidden="true"></i> Import</button>
  <div class="vr">
  </div>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light" aria-label="Filter"><i class="bi bi-funnel-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light ms-auto" aria-label="Settings"><i class="bi bi-gear-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
</div>

2Vertical sign-in form

vstack with gap-3 spaces the fields of a compact form without margin utilities.

<form class="vstack gap-4" style="max-width:22rem">
  <div>
    <label class="form-label" for="hp-email-1236">Email</label>
    <input class="form-control" id="hp-email-1236" type="email" autocomplete="email">
  </div>
  <div>
    <label class="form-label" for="hp-pass-1237">Password</label>
    <input class="form-control" id="hp-pass-1237" type="password" autocomplete="current-password">
  </div>
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
  <a class="small text-center" href="#">Forgot your password?</a> 
</form>

3Profile row

An avatar, a name and role block and a follow button in one hstack.

Kai Harlow Product Designer · Lisbon

<div class="hstack gap-4 p-4 border rounded-md">
  <img src="../assets/img/avatar-8.svg" alt="Kai Harlow" width="48" height="48" class="rounded-full"> 
  <div class="vstack gap-0">
    <strong>Kai Harlow</strong> <small class="text-muted">Product Designer &middot; Lisbon</small> 
  </div>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary ms-auto">Follow</button>
</div>

4Notification list

A vstack of notification items, each an hstack of icon, message and time.

The new hands-on workshops lets you focused on what matters in just a few clicks.

just now

Our sponsorship gives complex tasks into simple steps on any device.

yesterday

This fast experience shows projects moving forward at a fair price.

yesterday

<div class="vstack gap-2">
  <div class="hstack gap-4 items-start p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-success text-lg"><i class="bi bi-bag-check-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="small">
      The new hands-on workshops lets you focused on what matters in just a few clicks.
    </div>
    <small class="ms-auto whitespace-nowrap text-muted">just now</small>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 items-start p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-primary text-lg"><i class="bi bi-chat-left-text-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="small">
      Our sponsorship gives complex tasks into simple steps on any device.
    </div>
    <small class="ms-auto whitespace-nowrap text-muted">yesterday</small>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 items-start p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-warning text-lg"><i class="bi bi-exclamation-triangle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="small">
      This fast experience shows projects moving forward at a fair price.
    </div>
    <small class="ms-auto whitespace-nowrap text-muted">yesterday</small>
  </div>
</div>

5Centred button stack

vstack with col-md-5 mx-auto centres full-width buttons, as on a mobile landing screen.

Free for 14 days, no card needed

<div class="vstack gap-2 col-md-5 mx-auto">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Create an account</button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">I already have one</button>
  <small class="text-center text-muted">Free for 14 days, no card needed</small> 
</div>

6Stacked feature cards

Cards stacked with vstack gap-3; inside each card an hstack pairs the icon with its text.

Certificates

This friendly project keeps data easy to understand with friendly support.

Networking lounges

This clear plan gives complex tasks into simple steps all year round.

Mobile agenda

A clear plan keeps customers coming back from the very first day.

<div class="vstack gap-4">
  <div class="card">
    <div class="card-body hstack gap-4">
      <span class="text-2xl text-primary"><i class="bi bi-shield-check" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
      <div>
        <h3 class="h6 mb-1">Certificates</h3>
        <p class="small mb-0">This friendly project keeps data easy to understand with friendly support.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="card">
    <div class="card-body hstack gap-4">
      <span class="text-2xl text-primary"><i class="bi bi-lightning-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
      <div>
        <h3 class="h6 mb-1">Networking lounges</h3>
        <p class="small mb-0">This clear plan gives complex tasks into simple steps all year round.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="card">
    <div class="card-body hstack gap-4">
      <span class="text-2xl text-primary"><i class="bi bi-people-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
      <div>
        <h3 class="h6 mb-1">Mobile agenda</h3>
        <p class="small mb-0">A clear plan keeps customers coming back from the very first day.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

7Inline subscribe form

An hstack holding an input, a button and a divider link, a common newsletter pattern.

<form class="hstack gap-2">
  <label class="sr-only" for="hp-q-1238">Email address</label>
  <input class="form-control me-auto" id="hp-q-1238" type="email" placeholder="you@example.com"> 
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-secondary">Subscribe</button>
  <div class="vr">
  </div>
  <button type="reset" class="btn btn-outline-danger">Reset</button>
</form>

8Pricing feature list

A vstack of check-mark rows inside a pricing card.

Business

$82.24 / month

Certificates

Recorded sessions

Networking lounges

Mobile agenda

Hands-on workshops

<div class="card" style="max-width:22rem">
  <div class="card-body vstack gap-2">
    <h3 class="h5 mb-0">Business</h3>
    <p class="text-2xl font-bold mb-1">$82.24<small class="text-base font-normal text-muted"> / month</small></p>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Certificates
    </div>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Recorded sessions
    </div>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Networking lounges
    </div>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Mobile agenda
    </div>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Hands-on workshops
    </div>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary mt-2">Choose plan</button>
  </div>
</div>

9Footer link row

hstack with flex-wrap and gap-3 for a row of footer links that wraps on narrow screens.

<footer class="hstack flex-wrap gap-4 small border-t pt-4">
  <span class="font-semibold">Brand name 20</span> <a href="#">About</a><a href="#">Careers</a><a href="#">Press</a><a href="#">Help centre</a> <span class="ms-auto text-muted">&copy; 2026</span> 
</footer>

10Chat bubbles

A vstack where align-self-start and align-self-end place incoming and outgoing messages.

This modern plan helps results you can measure without the usual hassle.

A fast goal gives projects moving forward with friendly support.

The new recorded sessions gives data easy to understand on any device.

The new networking lounges makes your work organised for teams of every size.

<div class="vstack gap-2">
  <div class="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg small bg-surface-3 self-start" style="max-width:80%">
    This modern plan helps results you can measure without the usual hassle.
  </div>
  <div class="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg small text-bg-primary self-end" style="max-width:80%">
    A fast goal gives projects moving forward with friendly support.
  </div>
  <div class="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg small bg-surface-3 self-start" style="max-width:80%">
    The new recorded sessions gives data easy to understand on any device.
  </div>
  <div class="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg small text-bg-primary self-end" style="max-width:80%">
    The new networking lounges makes your work organised for teams of every size.
  </div>
</div>

11Wrapping tag row

hstack plus flex-wrap and gap-1 keeps tags tidy when they run onto a second line.

WebinarKeynoteWorkshopPanelMeetup

<div class="hstack flex-wrap gap-1">
  <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Webinar</span><span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Keynote</span><span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Workshop</span><span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Panel</span><span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Meetup</span>
</div>

12Settings rows

Each setting is an hstack with the label on the left and a switch pushed right with ms-auto.

Email notifications

Dark mode

<div class="vstack border rounded-md">
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-4 border-b">
    <span class="text-lg text-primary"><i class="bi bi-envelope-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span> 
    <label class="form-check-label" for="hp-switch-1239">Email notifications</label>
    <div class="form-check form-switch ms-auto mb-0">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" role="switch" id="hp-switch-1239" checked>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-4">
    <span class="text-lg text-primary"><i class="bi bi-moon-stars" aria-hidden="true"></i></span> 
    <label class="form-check-label" for="hp-switch-1240">Dark mode</label>
    <div class="form-check form-switch ms-auto mb-0">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" role="switch" id="hp-switch-1240">
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

13Stats with dividers

An hstack of figures separated by vertical rules.

6.1k

Clients

186

Projects

4.8

Rating

<div class="hstack gap-4 md:gap-6 p-4 border rounded-md justify-center text-center">
  <div>
    <div class="text-xl font-bold">
      6.1k
    </div>
    <small class="text-muted">Clients</small>
  </div>
  <div class="vr">
  </div>
  <div>
    <div class="text-xl font-bold">
      186
    </div>
    <small class="text-muted">Projects</small>
  </div>
  <div class="vr">
  </div>
  <div>
    <div class="text-xl font-bold">
      4.8
    </div>
    <small class="text-muted">Rating</small>
  </div>
</div>

14Card meta line

An hstack in a card footer for author, date and a like counter.

Reliable ways to improve your story

This friendly release guides every detail in view on any device.

Maya Alvarez·Feb 2, 2026 22

<div class="card" style="max-width:24rem">
  <div class="card-body">
    <h3 class="h6">Reliable ways to improve your story</h3>
    <p class="small mb-0">This friendly release guides every detail in view on any device.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="card-footer hstack gap-2 small text-muted">
    <img src="../assets/img/avatar-2.svg" alt="" width="24" height="24" class="rounded-full"> <span>Maya Alvarez</span><span>&middot;</span><span>Feb 2, 2026</span> <span class="ms-auto"><i class="bi bi-heart-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i> 22</span> 
  </div>
</div>

15Order timeline

A vstack of steps, each an hstack of status badge and text.

Order placedSep 10, 2026

PackedDec 5, 2025

ShippedMar 27, 2026

DeliveredExpected Dec 18, 2026

<div class="vstack gap-4">
  <div class="hstack gap-4">
    <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-success"><i class="bi bi-check-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <strong class="small">Order placed</strong><small class="text-muted">Sep 10, 2026</small>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4">
    <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-success"><i class="bi bi-check-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <strong class="small">Packed</strong><small class="text-muted">Dec 5, 2025</small>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4">
    <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-success"><i class="bi bi-check-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <strong class="small">Shipped</strong><small class="text-muted">Mar 27, 2026</small>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4">
    <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-secondary"><i class="bi bi-clock-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <strong class="small">Delivered</strong><small class="text-muted">Expected Dec 18, 2026</small>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

16Search bar

An hstack combining a search field, a filter select and a button.

<form class="hstack gap-2 flex-wrap sm:flex-nowrap" role="search">
  <label class="sr-only" for="hp-search-1241">Search</label>
  <input class="form-control" id="hp-search-1241" type="search" placeholder="Search webinar"> 
  <label class="sr-only" for="hp-search-1241-type">Type</label>
  <select class="form-select w-auto" id="hp-search-1241-type">
    <option>All</option>
    <option>Recent</option>
  </select>
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary"><i class="bi bi-search" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
</form>

17File rows

Attachment rows with icon, name and size, and a download button aligned right.

report-2025.pdf866 KB

proposal-2026.docx579 KB

budget-2026.xlsx950 KB

<div class="vstack gap-2">
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-xl text-danger"><i class="bi bi-filetype-pdf" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <span class="small font-semibold">report-2025.pdf</span><small class="text-muted">866 KB</small>
    </div>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light ms-auto" aria-label="Download report"><i class="bi bi-download" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-xl text-primary"><i class="bi bi-filetype-docx" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <span class="small font-semibold">proposal-2026.docx</span><small class="text-muted">579 KB</small>
    </div>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light ms-auto" aria-label="Download proposal"><i class="bi bi-download" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-xl text-success"><i class="bi bi-filetype-xlsx" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <span class="small font-semibold">budget-2026.xlsx</span><small class="text-muted">950 KB</small>
    </div>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light ms-auto" aria-label="Download budget"><i class="bi bi-download" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
  </div>
</div>

18Nested stacks

A vstack page section whose header is an hstack: stacks nest freely.

Speaker management

14 View all

A calm plan turns the whole team on the same page without the usual hassle.

<section class="vstack gap-4 p-4 border rounded-md">
  <div class="hstack gap-2">
    <h3 class="h5 mb-0">Speaker management</h3>
    <span class="badge text-bg-primary">14</span> <a class="ms-auto small" href="#">View all</a> 
  </div>
  <p class="mb-0 small">A calm plan turns the whole team on the same page without the usual hassle.</p>
  <div class="hstack gap-2">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary">Open</button>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light">Share</button>
  </div>
</section>

19Gap sizes compared

The same hstack with gap-0, gap-2 and gap-4 to compare spacing.

gap-0

Item

gap-2

Item

gap-4

Item

<div class="vstack gap-4">
  <div>
    <small class="text-muted">gap-0</small>
    <div class="hstack gap-0">
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div>
    <small class="text-muted">gap-2</small>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div>
    <small class="text-muted">gap-4</small>
    <div class="hstack gap-6">
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

20Responsive stack direction

Stacks are vertical on phones and switch to a row from md with flex-md-row.

PlanOur venue booking connects you focused on what matters wherever you are.

BuildOur ticketing lets the whole team on the same page wherever you are.

LaunchThe new networking lounges keeps the whole team on the same page in just a few clicks.

<div class="vstack md:flex-row gap-4">
  <div class="p-4 border rounded-md flex-auto">
    <strong class="block"><i class="bi bi-pencil-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i> Plan</strong><small>Our venue booking connects you focused on what matters wherever you are.</small>
  </div>
  <div class="p-4 border rounded-md flex-auto">
    <strong class="block"><i class="bi bi-hammer" aria-hidden="true"></i> Build</strong><small>Our ticketing lets the whole team on the same page wherever you are.</small>
  </div>
  <div class="p-4 border rounded-md flex-auto">
    <strong class="block"><i class="bi bi-rocket-takeoff-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i> Launch</strong><small>The new networking lounges keeps the whole team on the same page in just a few clicks.</small>
  </div>
</div>