Stacks

Stacks are flexbox shortcuts: vstack lines items up vertically, hstack horizontally, and the gap utilities space them evenly. Push an item to the far side with ms-auto and separate groups with a vertical rule.

1Horizontal toolbar

hstack with gap-2 lines up buttons; ms-auto pushes the last group to the far end.

<div class="hstack gap-2 p-2 border rounded-md bg-surface-3">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary"><i class="bi bi-plus-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i> New</button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary"><i class="bi bi-upload" aria-hidden="true"></i> Import</button>
  <div class="vr">
  </div>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light" aria-label="Filter"><i class="bi bi-funnel" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light ms-auto" aria-label="Settings"><i class="bi bi-gear" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
</div>

2Vertical sign-in form

vstack with gap-3 spaces the fields of a compact form without margin utilities.

<form class="vstack gap-4" style="max-width:22rem">
  <div>
    <label class="form-label" for="hp-email-1236">Email</label>
    <input class="form-control" id="hp-email-1236" type="email" autocomplete="email">
  </div>
  <div>
    <label class="form-label" for="hp-pass-1237">Password</label>
    <input class="form-control" id="hp-pass-1237" type="password" autocomplete="current-password">
  </div>
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
  <a class="small text-center" href="#">Forgot your password?</a> 
</form>

3Profile row

An avatar, a name and role block and a follow button in one hstack.

Arjun Moreau QA Engineer · Denver

<div class="hstack gap-4 p-4 border rounded-md">
  <img src="../assets/img/avatar-3.svg" alt="Arjun Moreau" width="48" height="48" class="rounded-full"> 
  <div class="vstack gap-0">
    <strong>Arjun Moreau</strong> <small class="text-muted">QA Engineer &middot; Denver</small> 
  </div>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary ms-auto">Follow</button>
</div>

4Notification list

A vstack of notification items, each an hstack of icon, message and time.

Thousands of patients already trust us, and we work hard to keep it that way.

just now

Our clinic is fully accessible, with free parking right outside.

yesterday

We keep things simple, so you can focus on what matters to you.

4 days ago

<div class="vstack gap-2">
  <div class="hstack gap-4 items-start p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-success-emphasis text-lg"><i class="bi bi-bag-check" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="small">
      Thousands of patients already trust us, and we work hard to keep it that way.
    </div>
    <small class="ms-auto whitespace-nowrap text-muted">just now</small>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 items-start p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-primary-ink text-lg"><i class="bi bi-chat-left-text" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="small">
      Our clinic is fully accessible, with free parking right outside.
    </div>
    <small class="ms-auto whitespace-nowrap text-muted">yesterday</small>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 items-start p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-warning-emphasis text-lg"><i class="bi bi-exclamation-triangle" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="small">
      We keep things simple, so you can focus on what matters to you.
    </div>
    <small class="ms-auto whitespace-nowrap text-muted">4 days ago</small>
  </div>
</div>

5Centred button stack

vstack with col-md-5 mx-auto centres full-width buttons, as on a mobile landing screen.

Free for 14 days, no card needed

<div class="vstack gap-2 col-md-5 mx-auto">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Create an account</button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">I already have one</button>
  <small class="text-center text-muted">Free for 14 days, no card needed</small> 
</div>

6Stacked feature cards

Cards stacked with vstack gap-3; inside each card an hstack pairs the icon with its text.

Family plans

Lab results arrive in your patient portal, usually within 48 hours.

Certified specialists

Same-day appointments are available for urgent needs on weekdays.

Insurance friendly

Video consultations let you speak with a doctor from the comfort of home.

<div class="vstack gap-4">
  <div class="card">
    <div class="card-body hstack gap-4">
      <span class="text-2xl text-primary-ink"><i class="bi bi-lightning" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
      <div>
        <h3 class="h6 mb-1">Family plans</h3>
        <p class="small mb-0">Lab results arrive in your patient portal, usually within 48 hours.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="card">
    <div class="card-body hstack gap-4">
      <span class="text-2xl text-primary-ink"><i class="bi bi-graph-up" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
      <div>
        <h3 class="h6 mb-1">Certified specialists</h3>
        <p class="small mb-0">Same-day appointments are available for urgent needs on weekdays.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="card">
    <div class="card-body hstack gap-4">
      <span class="text-2xl text-primary-ink"><i class="bi bi-graph-up" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
      <div>
        <h3 class="h6 mb-1">Insurance friendly</h3>
        <p class="small mb-0">Video consultations let you speak with a doctor from the comfort of home.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

7Inline subscribe form

An hstack holding an input, a button and a divider link, a common newsletter pattern.

<form class="hstack gap-2">
  <label class="sr-only" for="hp-q-1238">Email address</label>
  <input class="form-control me-auto" id="hp-q-1238" type="email" placeholder="you@example.com"> 
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-secondary">Subscribe</button>
  <div class="vr">
  </div>
  <button type="reset" class="btn btn-outline-danger">Reset</button>
</form>

8Pricing feature list

A vstack of check-mark rows inside a pricing card.

Business

$85.05 / month

Family plans

Certified specialists

Insurance friendly

Online results

Same-day appointments

<div class="card" style="max-width:22rem">
  <div class="card-body vstack gap-2">
    <h3 class="h5 mb-0">Business</h3>
    <p class="text-2xl font-bold mb-1">$85.05<small class="text-base font-normal text-muted"> / month</small></p>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success-emphasis"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Family plans
    </div>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success-emphasis"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Certified specialists
    </div>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success-emphasis"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Insurance friendly
    </div>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success-emphasis"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Online results
    </div>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <span class="text-success-emphasis"><i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Same-day appointments
    </div>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary mt-2">Choose plan</button>
  </div>
</div>

9Footer link row

hstack with flex-wrap and gap-3 for a row of footer links that wraps on narrow screens.

<footer class="hstack flex-wrap gap-4 small border-t pt-4">
  <span class="font-semibold">Umbra</span> <a href="#">About</a><a href="#">Careers</a><a href="#">Press</a><a href="#">Help centre</a> <span class="ms-auto text-muted">&copy; 2026</span> 
</footer>

10Chat bubbles

A vstack where align-self-start and align-self-end place incoming and outgoing messages.

Start in minutes and get help from a real person whenever you need it.

Our specialists take time to listen and explain every step of your treatment.

Thousands of patients already trust us, and we work hard to keep it that way.

Our team has done this many times, so you never have to guess.

<div class="vstack gap-2">
  <div class="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg small bg-surface-3 self-start" style="max-width:80%">
    Start in minutes and get help from a real person whenever you need it.
  </div>
  <div class="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg small text-bg-primary self-end" style="max-width:80%">
    Our specialists take time to listen and explain every step of your treatment.
  </div>
  <div class="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg small bg-surface-3 self-start" style="max-width:80%">
    Thousands of patients already trust us, and we work hard to keep it that way.
  </div>
  <div class="px-4 py-2 rounded-lg small text-bg-primary self-end" style="max-width:80%">
    Our team has done this many times, so you never have to guess.
  </div>
</div>

11Wrapping tag row

hstack plus flex-wrap and gap-1 keeps tags tidy when they run onto a second line.

CardiologyDermatologyDentalPediatricsOrthopedics

<div class="hstack flex-wrap gap-1">
  <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Cardiology</span><span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Dermatology</span><span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Dental</span><span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Pediatrics</span><span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-light border">Orthopedics</span>
</div>

12Settings rows

Each setting is an hstack with the label on the left and a switch pushed right with ms-auto.

Email notifications

Dark mode

<div class="vstack border rounded-md">
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-4 border-b">
    <span class="text-lg text-primary-ink"><i class="bi bi-envelope" aria-hidden="true"></i></span> 
    <label class="form-check-label" for="hp-switch-1239">Email notifications</label>
    <div class="form-check form-switch ms-auto mb-0">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" role="switch" id="hp-switch-1239" checked>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-4">
    <span class="text-lg text-primary-ink"><i class="bi bi-moon-stars" aria-hidden="true"></i></span> 
    <label class="form-check-label" for="hp-switch-1240">Dark mode</label>
    <div class="form-check form-switch ms-auto mb-0">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" role="switch" id="hp-switch-1240">
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

13Stats with dividers

An hstack of figures separated by vertical rules.

3.8k

Clients

679

Projects

4.6

Rating

<div class="hstack gap-4 md:gap-6 p-4 border rounded-md justify-center text-center">
  <div>
    <div class="text-xl font-bold">
      3.8k
    </div>
    <small class="text-muted">Clients</small>
  </div>
  <div class="vr">
  </div>
  <div>
    <div class="text-xl font-bold">
      679
    </div>
    <small class="text-muted">Projects</small>
  </div>
  <div class="vr">
  </div>
  <div>
    <div class="text-xl font-bold">
      4.6
    </div>
    <small class="text-muted">Rating</small>
  </div>
</div>

14Card meta line

An hstack in a card footer for author, date and a like counter.

When to choose a video consultation

We listen first, then build a plan around what you actually need.

Finn Nguyen·Oct 27, 2025 162

<div class="card" style="max-width:24rem">
  <div class="card-body">
    <h3 class="h6">When to choose a video consultation</h3>
    <p class="small mb-0">We listen first, then build a plan around what you actually need.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="card-footer hstack gap-2 small text-muted">
    <img src="../assets/img/avatar-10.svg" alt="" width="24" height="24" class="rounded-full"> <span>Finn Nguyen</span><span>&middot;</span><span>Oct 27, 2025</span> <span class="ms-auto"><i class="bi bi-heart" aria-hidden="true"></i> 162</span> 
  </div>
</div>

15Order timeline

A vstack of steps, each an hstack of status badge and text.

Order placedSep 18, 2026

PackedDec 27, 2025

ShippedMay 30, 2026

DeliveredExpected Oct 30, 2026

<div class="vstack gap-4">
  <div class="hstack gap-4">
    <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-success"><i class="bi bi-check-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <strong class="small">Order placed</strong><small class="text-muted">Sep 18, 2026</small>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4">
    <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-success"><i class="bi bi-check-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <strong class="small">Packed</strong><small class="text-muted">Dec 27, 2025</small>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4">
    <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-success"><i class="bi bi-check-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <strong class="small">Shipped</strong><small class="text-muted">May 30, 2026</small>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4">
    <span class="badge rounded-full text-bg-secondary"><i class="bi bi-clock" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <strong class="small">Delivered</strong><small class="text-muted">Expected Oct 30, 2026</small>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

16Search bar

An hstack combining a search field, a filter select and a button.

<form class="hstack gap-2 flex-wrap sm:flex-nowrap" role="search">
  <label class="sr-only" for="hp-search-1241">Search</label>
  <input class="form-control" id="hp-search-1241" type="search" placeholder="Search dermatology"> 
  <label class="sr-only" for="hp-search-1241-type">Type</label>
  <select class="form-select w-auto" id="hp-search-1241-type">
    <option>All</option>
    <option>Recent</option>
  </select>
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" aria-label="Search"><i class="bi bi-search" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
</form>

17File rows

Attachment rows with icon, name and size, and a download button aligned right.

report-2025.pdf568 KB

proposal-2026.docx569 KB

budget-2026.xlsx341 KB

<div class="vstack gap-2">
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-xl text-danger-emphasis"><i class="bi bi-filetype-pdf" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <span class="small font-semibold">report-2025.pdf</span><small class="text-muted">568 KB</small>
    </div>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light ms-auto" aria-label="Download report"><i class="bi bi-download" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-xl text-primary-ink"><i class="bi bi-filetype-docx" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <span class="small font-semibold">proposal-2026.docx</span><small class="text-muted">569 KB</small>
    </div>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light ms-auto" aria-label="Download proposal"><i class="bi bi-download" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
  </div>
  <div class="hstack gap-4 p-2 border rounded-md">
    <span class="text-xl text-success-emphasis"><i class="bi bi-filetype-xlsx" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
    <div class="vstack">
      <span class="small font-semibold">budget-2026.xlsx</span><small class="text-muted">341 KB</small>
    </div>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light ms-auto" aria-label="Download budget"><i class="bi bi-download" aria-hidden="true"></i></button>
  </div>
</div>

18Nested stacks

A vstack page section whose header is an hstack: stacks nest freely.

Dental care

17 View all

Friendly people answer your questions quickly, by phone, chat or email.

<section class="vstack gap-4 p-4 border rounded-md">
  <div class="hstack gap-2">
    <h3 class="h5 mb-0">Dental care</h3>
    <span class="badge text-bg-primary">17</span> <a class="ms-auto small" href="#">View all</a> 
  </div>
  <p class="mb-0 small">Friendly people answer your questions quickly, by phone, chat or email.</p>
  <div class="hstack gap-2">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary">Open</button>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-light">Share</button>
  </div>
</section>

19Gap sizes compared

The same hstack with gap-0, gap-2 and gap-4 to compare spacing.

gap-0

Item

gap-2

Item

gap-4

Item

<div class="vstack gap-4">
  <div>
    <small class="text-muted">gap-0</small>
    <div class="hstack gap-0">
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div>
    <small class="text-muted">gap-2</small>
    <div class="hstack gap-2">
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div>
    <small class="text-muted">gap-4</small>
    <div class="hstack gap-6">
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
      <div class="p-2 bg-primary-subtle border border-primary/30 rounded-md small">
        Item
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

20Responsive stack direction

Stacks are vertical on phones and switch to a row from md with flex-md-row.

PlanWe work with most insurance providers and explain any costs upfront.

BuildModern equipment means faster diagnoses and more comfortable treatment.

LaunchFamily plans cover check-ups and vaccinations for everyone under one roof.

<div class="vstack md:flex-row gap-4">
  <div class="p-4 border rounded-md flex-auto">
    <strong class="block"><i class="bi bi-pencil" aria-hidden="true"></i> Plan</strong><small>We work with most insurance providers and explain any costs upfront.</small>
  </div>
  <div class="p-4 border rounded-md flex-auto">
    <strong class="block"><i class="bi bi-hammer" aria-hidden="true"></i> Build</strong><small>Modern equipment means faster diagnoses and more comfortable treatment.</small>
  </div>
  <div class="p-4 border rounded-md flex-auto">
    <strong class="block"><i class="bi bi-rocket-takeoff" aria-hidden="true"></i> Launch</strong><small>Family plans cover check-ups and vaccinations for everyone under one roof.</small>
  </div>
</div>